EPIGENETICS

Epigenetics is the changes in organisms caused by modification of gene expression rather than alteration of the genetic code itself. At a molecular level, evaluation of the epigenetic landscape can identify patterns of disease. Two major components of epigenetics, and areas of intense research for ADLADICS, are DNA methylation and histone acetylation.

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DNA Methylation.

A biological process by which methyl groups are added to the DNA molecule. When located in a gene promoter, DNA methylation typically acts to repress gene transcription

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Histone Acetylation.

Removes the positive charge on lysine residues of the N-terminus of histones, decreasing the interaction of DNA. The condensed chromatin is transformed into a more relaxed structure that is associated with greater levels of gene transcription.